Zsuzsanna Izsvak
Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, The Helmholtz Society, Germany
Title: Non-viral Sleeping Beauty transposon-based vector for immunotherapy
Biography
Biography: Zsuzsanna Izsvak
Abstract
The specificity of T cells can be redirected by stable expression of a tumor-reactive T cell receptor (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). This strategy has been successfully used in immunotherapy to treat various cancer patients. Widespread application of this new therapy depends on the availability of a robust and cost-efficient gene transfer system. The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon has been demonstrated to mediate the stable gene transfer into the genome of various mammalian cell types, including human T cells. Non-viral, transposon-based gene delivery vectors are an emerging alternative to viral vectors for the generation of engineered T cells. In fact, regarding safety, flexibility, cost and time of T cell engineering, the use of transposon-based vectors confers an advantage over retro/lentiviral vectors. To cope with the poor gene transfer efficiencies, cell lines presenting the antigen of the transferred receptor and co-stimulatory signals can be used to expand engineered T cells. This strategy has reached the clinic. While this approach results in the rapid outgrowth of gene-modified T cells, it might compromise functionality. Alternatively, we aimed at developing an improved protocol for generating transposon vector-modified T cells. Using a combination of minicircle transposon and a hyperactive transposase mRNA (SB100X), we achieved stable expression of transgenic TCR in ~50% of primary human T cells in a donor-independent and reproducible manner. In addition, we optimized our transposon-based TCR expressing vector with enhanced functionality and a reduction of mixed TCR dimers on the surface of TCR-modified T cells. Using transposon minicircle vectors encoding a genetically optimized TCR and miRNAs for the silencing of the endogenous TCR, we generated TCR-modified T cells with superior TCR surface expression and antigen-specific functionality. The transposon vector could match the need in personalized form of TCR gene therapy, in which tumor-specific mutations are targeted that are unique for each patient.
References:
1. Ivics Z, Hackett P B, Plasterk R H, Izsvak Z (1997) Molecular reconstruction of Sleeping Beauty: A Tc1-like transposon from fish, and its transposition in human cells. Cell 91: 501-510.
2. Jin Z, Maiti S, Huls H, Singh H, Olivares S, Mátés L, Izsvák Z, Ivics Z, Lee D A, Champlin R E, Cooper L J (2011) The hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposase SB100X improves the genetic modification of T cells to express a chimeric antigen receptor. Gene Ther. 18(9): 849-56.
3. Xue X, Huang X, Nodland S E, Mátés L, Ma L, Izsvák Z, Ivics, Z, LeBien T W, McIvor R S, Wagner J E and Zhou Z (2009) Stable gene transfer and expression in cord blood-derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by a hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposon system. Blood 114(7): 1319-30.
4. Gogol Döring A, Ammar I, Gupta S, Bunse M, Miskey C, Chen W, Schulz T F, Izsvák Z, Ivics Z (2016) Genome-wide profiling reveals remarkable parallels between insertion site selection properties of the MLV Retrovirus and the piggyBac transposon in primary human CD4+ T Cells. Mol.